Accounting Dictionary A-Z ^-^

A

 Accelerated depreciation method>  the depreciation method is setting aside a high depreciation expenses in the first year of use of the assets and then the next load/1st time getting smaller.

Account> is a group of postal accounting that is used to record the reduction as well as the addition of any assets or property, debts or liabilities, owner's equity, revenue and expenses.

Account form Balance sheet> This report form have the concept of comparison where there are assets post position on the left, while the post of incumbents and owners of capital are on the right.

Accounting Cycle> The main principles of accounting procedures that are used to process transactions during an accounting period

Accounting Periode concept> is the accounting period concept requires that the reporting of accounting should be drawn up on the basis of a specific time or distance intervals.

Accounting System>  A system that provides information to be used in performing activities, and reported to the owner of the company creditors, and other parties concerned.

Account Payable>Liability arising from the purchase of credits.Account Receivable> A claim / demands to a customer on sales of credit.

Account Payable Ledger> book containing an estimated to any supplier / suppliers ( creditors ).

Account Receivable Ledger> Additional books that contain estimates for each customer/customer (debtor).

Account receivable turnover> The relation between sales credit and receivable business calculated by dividing sales credit clean with average receivable business clean.

Accrual> Load or income gradually increased with the passage of time.

Accrual Basic> Revenues are recognized in the period in which the income was earned and expenses are recognized in the period of occurrence during in generating revenue.

Accumulated depreciation account> Contra account used to accumulate assets depreciation fixed assets up to a certain period.

Adjusting Entry > verse journal that is required at the end of the accounting period to record the internal transactions and to update the ledgers.

Average rate of return> A method of evaluation of proposed capital expenditures focused on the expected profitability of the investment.

Average cost method> Basic inventory pricing method based on the assumption that the price of the staple supplies are based on the assumption that the basic price (cost) must be charged against the income according to the cost of goods the weighted average per unit of goods sold.

Asset> Wealth owned by companies or business entities

Annuity> A series of cash flows that is the same on a fixed time interval.

Amotization>Periodic load caused by the descent of the usefulness of the intangible asset or the allocation of premium or discount bonds for bondage.

Allowance method> Metode akuntansi untuk piutang tak tertagih, dengan menetapkan suatu jumlah tertentu yang disisihkan di muka untuk piutang atau pos yang tidak tertagih.

Admistration expense>Burden issued in operation administration or common of a corporation

 B

Balance sheet > Neraca > Financial statement containing the list assets, obligation, and capital owners an enterprise at a particular date.

Bank reconciliation > Rekonsiliasi bank > A method of analysis detailing outposts that causes the difference between cash balance reported into account newspaper banks and balances approximate cash in tome.

Balance of an account > Saldo perkiraan > The amount of the difference between the debits and credits that have been inserted into an estimate.

Business transaction > Transaksi usaha > The occurrence of an event or circumstance which must be recorded in the accounting transaction.

Budget performance report > Laporan prestasi anggaran > A report that compares actual results with budget numbers.

Budget > Anggaran >  A written statement from the management plans for the future are expressed in units of finance.

Break-even point > Titik impas >The operating company level, where value between income and expenses.

Bond > Obligasi > A form of wesel flowering used by the company to borrow money in the long run.

C

 Capital expenditure > Costs that add utility assets for more than one accounting period .

Capital expenditures budget >  Budget which summarizes the acquisition plan and equipment manufacturing facilities in the future .

Capital investment analysis > A ubiquitous process management to plan, evaluate , and control the long-term capital investments that include property , plant , and equipment .

Capital lease > Lease modal > A lease that contains one or more of the four provisions , which stipulate that the dilease assets are treated as assets purchased in the estimates .

Current ratio > Rasio lancar > Ratio of current assets to current liabilities .

Current liability > Kewajiban lancar > A liability that will mature in the near future ( usually within one year or less ) and which will be paid from current assets .

Current Cost > Biaya masa berjalan > Total cash to be paid at this time to buy assets with the same age and condition as existing assets .

Current assets > Aktiva lancar > Money cash or other assets that are expected to be exchanged into cash or sold or consumed , which is usually within a period of one year or less , through normal operation ( regular ) corporation .

Cumulative preferred stock > Saham prefern kumulatif > Preferred shares ( privileged ) which are entitled to dividend current year and previous years before dividends may be distributed to ordinary shares .

Credit memorandum > Nota kredit > Form issued by the seller to notify the debtor that the debtor has accounts receivable estimates recorded a number of credits .

Credit > Kredit > right side of the estimates , the amount of which was recorded to estimate the right side , recorded an estimate of the number to the right side .

Cost - volume - profit chart > Bagan biaya-volume-laba > A chart that is used to help meet the management of the relationship between costs , expenses , and losses on sales or operating profit .

Cost - volume - profit analysis > Analysis of cost - volume - profit > systematic examination of the relationship between selling prices , sales volumes and production volumes , costs , expenses , sales and profits .

Cost > Biaya > Spending cash or cash memayar commitment to the future with the goal of generating revenue .

Cost principle > Prinsip harga perolehan > Principle which states that the property or services purchased or acquired are recorded at cost .

Cost of production report > Laporan biaya produksi > A periodic reports provided by the processing section which summarizes ( a) the number of units that are the responsibility of the relevant section along with the disposition of these units and (b ) the fee charged to the section and allocation this fee .

Cost of merchandise sold > Harga pokok penjualan > The cost to produce the goods sold .

Cost method > Metode harga perolehan > A method of accounting for investments in stocks , whereby the investor recognizes a portion of cash dividends received from companies ( investee ) as income .

Cost ledger > Buku tambahan biaya > additional books that are used in the system that contains the order cost estimate for each order .

Cost center> Pusat biaya > A decentralized units where the department or division manager has the responsibility to control the costs incurred and the authority to make decisions that affect these costs .

Cost behavior> How to change the cost in terms of basic activities.

Cost accounting system > An accounting system that uses a perpetual inventory accounting system for three manufacturing inventory : direct materials , work in process , and finished goods .

Corporation > A separate legal entity established in accordance with the law and shared ownership stock sheets .

Conversion cost > Combined cost of direct labor and factory overhead costs .

Controlling account > An estimate of the ledger , which summarizes the additional ledger balances .

Controller > Management Accountant head of an organization .

Controllable cost > For certain management level , a cost that can be controlled directly .

Control > The process of directing operations to achieve the organization's goals and plans .

Contribution margin ratio > Presentation every dollar sales available to cover fixed expenses and provide operating profit .

Contribution margin analysis > systematic examination of the difference between contribution margin and the actual planned .

Contribution margin > Sales minus variable cost of sales expenses , selling expenses and administrative burden variable .

Contract rate of interest > contract interest rate paid on the bonds .

Contra account > An estimate of the offset ( offset ) other estimates .

Continuous budgeting > projection method of budgeting that maintains twelve months to advance .

Contingent liability > Liabilities potential will actually happen in the future if certain events occur .

Consolidation > The establishment of a new company to surrender the assets and liabilities of two or more existing company to the new company .

Consolidated statements > A financial statement derived from the incorporation of the parent company statements and reports subsidiaries .

Consistency > concept which assumes that accounting principles are the same commonly been used in the preparation of financial reports continuously .

Conservatism > concept which states that in the choosing of the alternatives , then the method or procedure that produces the most amount of net income or asset values ​​yangpaling little lower should be selected .

Composite - rate depreciation method > A depreciation method that uses a certain rate for the entire group of assets .

Complate -contract method >  method recognizes revenue from long-term construction contracts at the time the project is completed .

Common stock > A group of basic ownership of the share capital of the company .

Common - size statements > Financial statements in which all post only expressed in relative size .

Closing entry > A journal entry is needed to eliminate the estimated balance while so ready for the next accounting period .

Check registers > Forms modified cash disbursements journal to record all transactions that are paid by check .

Chart of accounts > List of all estimates are used by a company .

Cash receipt journal > Journal to record all cash receipts .

Cash payment journal > Journal to record all cash disbursements .

Cash payback period > period return of cash > Estimated time period between the date of issuance and repayment of capital in the form of cash ( or cash equivalent ) on the amount that has been invested .

Cash flows from operating activities > Cash flow from operating activities > section of the cash flow statement which reported cash transactions that enter into the determination of net income .

Cash flows from investing activities > Cash flows from investing activities > section of the statement of cash flows in which the reported activities involving the receipt of cash from the sale of investments , fixed assets , and no other current assets , and cash payments for acquisition of investments , fixed assets , and the assets no other current .

Cash flows from financing activities > Cash flows from financing activities > section of the cash flow statement which reported transactions involving the receipt of cash from the issuance of equity and debt securities , and cash payments for dividends , repurchase of equity securities , debt securities and withdrawal .

Cash dividend > Cash Dividend > Distribution of cash by a corporation to its shareholders .

Cash discounts > Pieces cash > Pieces given if invoices are paid within a certain period .

Cash basis > Basic cash > Revenue is recognized when cash is received , and expenses are recognized when cash is paid .

Cash > Cash > An accepted medium of exchange bank in face value .

Carrying amount > The carrying > A number of which temporary or long-term investment or long-term liabilities are recorded on the balance sheet is also called base value or book value .

Capital stock > Capital stock > Sheet proof of ownership in a company .

Capital rationing > Allocating capital > A process by which management allocates available investment funds among proposals planned capital investment .

D

Debit Card > Debit > Left side of the estimated > Amounts recorded to estimate the left side . Posted an estimate of the number to the left side .

Debit memorandum > Memorandum debit > Form issued by the buyer to notify the creditors that have recorded a certain number on the debit side of the account payable creditors .

Scurity Debt > Debt Securities > Bonds or notes .

Decentralization > Decentralization > The separation of the company into units that can be managed .

Declining - balance depreciation method > declining balance depreciation method > A depreciation method in which the amount of the periodic charging of depreciation of an asset has declined over the estimated life of the asset.

Drawings > Drawing > The withdrawal amount is taken by the sole proprietor or partner .

Double - entry accounting > Accounting pairs > A transaction recording system that is based on keeping track of increases and decreases in the estimates , so that debits always equal credits.

Dishonored note receivable > Bills dishonored bank > A notes , which fall due issuer can not repay .

Discretionary cost > Cost diskresionari > Costs that are not essential for short-term operations .

Discount rate> Rate Discount > rates used in calculating the interest to be deducted from the maturity value of the note.

Discounted internal rate of return method > method of internal rate of return , discounted > A method of analysis of capital investment proposals that focus on the use of the concept of present value to calculate the rate of return on the net cash flows expected from the investment .

Discounted cash flow method > discounted cash flow method > A method of analysis of capital investment proposals that focus on the present value of expected cash flows from the investment .

Discount > Discount > ( a) interest deducted from the maturity value of a note ; ( b ) the excess of the par value of the shares of the selling price , (c ) the nominal value of the excess over the price of its expenditures .

Discountinued operations > Discontinued Operations > Operation of a segment of a company that has been discontinued .

Direct write- off method > method directly pengahpusan > A method of accounting for bad debts , which load only specific receivables are recognized when determined to be uncollectible .

Direct method > Direct Methods > A method of reporting cash flows from operating activities as the difference between operating cash receipts and cash payments operations .

Direct materials quantity variance > direct material quantity variance > The costs associated with the difference between the actual quantity and the standard quantity of direct materials used in producing the goods .

Direct materials price variance > direct material price variance > Costs associated with the difference between the standard price and the actual price of direct materials used to manufacture a product .

Direct materials inventory > direct material inventory > Cost of direct material directly into the manufacturing process .

Direct material cost > cost of direct materials > direct material costs that have not been entered prosespabrikasi .

Direct labor labor time variance > direct labor hours Varains > Costs associated with the difference between hours of work standards and actual working hours of the employees directly used to produce an item .

Direct labor rate variance > direct labor variances tariff > Costs associated with differences in standards and tariff rates actually paid for direct labor used in producing a product .

Direct labor cost > direct labor costs > Wages of factory workers who convert materials into finished goods .

Direct Expense > Expenses directly > A load that can be traced directly or raised demikeuntungan certain areas and normally are under the control of the department manager .

Direct cost > Direct costs > A cost that can be traced directly to a unit within a company or organization .

Differential revenue > differential Revenue > Total increase or decrease in revenue that is expected from a particular action compared with other alternatives .

Differential cost > differential fee > Total increase or decrease in the expected cost of a particular action compared with other alternatives .

Differential analysis > Analysis of differential > field of accounting to analyze the effect of alternative measures of income and expenses .

Depreciation > Depreciation > Decreased usability all fixed assets other than land .

Depletion > Depletion > Cost of metal ore and other minerals are mined from the earth .

Departmental margin > Profit department > department gross profit minus direct costs of the department.

Deficit > Deficit > debit balance in retained earnings forecasts .

Deficiency > A lack , deficiency > debit balance in the capital estimate an individual or a company owner allies .

Deferral > Suspension / transitory > A suspension of recognition of expenses that have been paid or that the income has been received .

E

Earnings per share ( EPS ) on common stock > Earnings per share of common stock > Profitability ratio of net income available to shareholders on the number of shares outstanding .

Economies of scale > Scale economical > An economic concept which states that in a wide range of production , costs vary in different proportions with changes in basic activity . When production facilities are limited , the costs are likely to increase but at a decreasing rate with increasing production at relatively lower levels .

Effective funds of interest > The effective interest rate > market rates at the time of bond issuance .

Extraordinary repairs > Repair extraordinary > Expenditures that add to the useful life of an asset for longer than initially estimated .

Extraordinary item > Extraordinary item > An event or transaction that are unusual or infrequent .

Expense > Expenses > Total assets are unused or services used in the process of generating revenue .

Exchange rate> Foreign exchange Exchange > Exchange showing the exchange rate of a particular currency with other currencies .

Equity security > securities ownership > shares of preferred or common stock .

Equity per share > Equity ( capital ) per share > capital ratio of share ownership to total shares outstanding .

Equity method > Method ownership ( equity method ) > A method of accounting for investments in common stock , of which an estimated investment adjusted for the investor's share of net income and dividend periodic property received from the investee .

Eelectronic funds transfer ( EFT ) > Electronic Funds Transfer > A payment system that uses computerized electronic impulse , and not by paper ( cash , checks , and so on ) to carry out a cash transaction .

Effective rate of interest > The effective interest rate > market rates at the time of bond issuance .

 F

Factory overhead costs > Factory overhead costs > All factory operating costs beyond direct material and direct labor .

Factory overhead controllable variance > factory overhead controllable variance > The difference between the actual amount of manufacturing overhead costs incurred and the amount budgeted factory overhead for the attained level of operation .

Factory overhead volume variance > factory overhead volume variance > losses or gains due to operating below or above 100 % normal productive capacity .

Future value> future value > amount that accumulates on a date in the future as a result of the investment or series of investments .

Funded > Funded , reserved > Backup ( appropriasi ) retained earnings are accompanied by a cash allowance or securities .

FOB shipping point > Franko sellers warehouse > Terms of the agreement between the buyer and seller , where the title has passed when the goods were handed over to the transport company and buyers bear the cost of transportation .

FOB destination > Franko buyer's warehouse > Terms of the agreement between the buyer and seller , where the right of ownership of the goods have passed when the goods are received by the buyer , and the seller to bear the costs of transport .

Flexible budget > Flexible Budget > A series of budgets for various levels of activity .

Fixed expense (cost ) > Expenses ( expenses ) remained > A expenses ( costs ) that tend to be fixed, although the volume of activity varies .

Fiscal year > fiscal year ( fiscal year ) > annual accounting period adopted by a company .

First - in, first - out ( FIFO ) method > method is first-in, first-out ( FIFO ) > A method of determining the cost of inventory is based on the assumption that the cost of goods sold should be charged against revenue in the order of cost of goods consisting .

Finished googs ledger > Books Finished goods > Books containing additional separate estimates for each type of goods produced .

Finished goods inventory > Finished goods > Cost of finished goods that exist in a state ready for sale .

Financial accounting standards board ( FASB ) > Financial Accounting Standards Board > A body that is authorized to develop accounting principles for all units except the government .

Financial accounting > Financial accounting > Branch accounting records relating to transactions using common accounting principles ( GAAP ) for a business enterprise or other economic units and the preparation of periodic reports from such records .

G

General journaling > Journal General > Form two lanes to record journal entries that do not fit into specific jurnak .

General Ledger > General Ledger > main book , when used in conjunction with additional book contains all of the estimated balance sheet and profit and loss .

Gross profit method > gross profit method > One way of assessing the existing inventory without having to physically count inventory number .

Gross profit > Gross profit > Difference between net sales and cost of goods sold .

Gross pay > Gross Income > pengahasilan total of an employee for a payroll period .

Goodwill > Goodwill > An intangible asset related to a particular company as a result of favorable factors , such as location , product excellence , reputation , and managerial expertise .

Going concern concept > Concept company continues > The idea that a business entity that is expected to continue to operate profitably in a limited time period .

Generally accepted accounting principle ( GAAP ) > principles generally accepted accounting > The guidelines generally accepted accounting to prepare financial

H

Horizontal analysis > Analysis horizontal > Analysis of the percentage increase or decrease in comparable posts in comparative financial statements .

High-low method > high - low method > A technique that uses our ultimate and the lowest total cost as the basis for estimating the variable cost per unit and the fixed cost component and the combined cost .

Heating and lighting expense > heating and lighting costs

Hidden Reserves > Reserves secret

I

Income summary account > Approximate profit and loss summary > Estimates are used in the process of closing ledger to summarize the estimates of revenues and expenses .

Income from operation > Operating income > Excess gross profit on total operating expenses .

Income statement > Calculation of profit and loss > income statement > Summary of revenues and expenses of a business entity for a specified period .

Invoice > Invoice > Memorandum of invoices issued by the seller ( called a sales tax invoices ) to a buyer ( called a purchase tax invoice ) for the items purchased .

Investment center> Investment Center > A decentralized units where the manager has the responsibility and authority to make decisions that affect not only costs and revenues , but also assets that are available on the concentration

Inventory turnover > Inventory turnover > The relationship between the volume of goods sold and inventory , which is calculated by dividing cost of goods sold by average inventory .

Internal controls > Internal Controls > detailed procedures have been followed to control its operations .

Interim statement > Interim Report > The financial statements are issued for a period less than one fiscal year .

Intangible assets > Intangible assets > long-lived assets in opersi companies are not kept for sale , and has no physical form .

Installment method > installment method > method of revenue recognition , whereby any cash proceeds from the sale of installment payment is considered made ​​up of mostly the cost of goods sold and gross profit .

Inflation > Inflation > A period in which the general prices rise and the purchasing power of money falls .

Indirect method > Indirect methods > A method of reporting cash flows from operating activities as adjusted net operating income for the deferral of all cash receipts and payments in the past and all the receipts and accruals of future expected cation .

Indirect expense > Indirect Expenses > A keseluruhanp expenses incurred for the company as a unit and not under the control of the manager of each department .

Indirect costs > Indirect costs > A fee for a specific unit within the company or organization , can not be traced directly to the unit .

J

Job cost sheet > Card orders cost > An estimate of the cost of the book , in which are recorded the costs charged to a certain order .

Just -in - time processing > Processing just-in -time ( JIT ) > approach to the production process that focuses on reducing the time , cost , and poor quality in the process of production and non- production .

Journalizing > journalizing > The process of recording transactions in the journal .

Journal > Journal / diary > Notes beginning on estimates of the effects of transactions where noted .

Joint products > Products combined > Two or more types of goods with equally important values ​​that produced direct from the main ingredient .

Joint cost > combined cost > A cost-sharing to produce two or more products ( products combined ) .

Job order cost system > System costs orders > A type of fee collection system , which created a separate record for the cost of any quantity of a particular product through the production process in a factory .

L

Last-in , first-out ( LIFO ) method > Method entry end , the first exit > A method of determining the cost of inventory is based on the assumption that the cost of merchandise most recent happened to be charged into the inventory .

Lower of cost or market > The lower of cost or market > A method of determining the cost of inventory or assessment of short-term investments , where such assets are stated at the lower of cost or market .

Long - term liability > Long-term liabilities > A liability is a relatively long maturity ( usually more than one year ) .

Long - term investment > Long term investments > An investment is not intended to be liquidated into cash again in the normal operation of the company and included in the balance sheet as an investment estimates account .

Liquidation > Liquidation > The process of dissolution of the partnership during its stop .

Liability > Liability > Debt owned by a company or business .

Leverage > Leverej > trend changes in the level of return on shareholders' equity of the rate of profit on total assets as the difference between the interest paid to creditors and the results obtained from funds borrowed from the creditor .

Ledger > General Ledger > A group estimates used by the company .

M

Managerial Accounting > Managerial Accounting > Branch accounting estimates using historical data and in providing the necessary information management in carrying out day-to- day operations and in planning future operations .

Multiple - step income statement > Calculation of the income gradually > A calculation of profit and loss , which included many sections and subsections with some balance between before getting to the net income .

Mixed Cost > Cost mixture > A hallmark of variable costs with and fixed , often called the cost semivariabel and semitetap .

Minority interest > interests / rights of minorities > Most capital of subsidiaries which are not owned by the parent company .

Merger > Fusion > Merging two company with the purchase of one of the company's assets by another company , and the dissolution of one of the company ( who bought his property ) .

Merchandise inventory > Merchandise inventory > merchandise is still there and ready to be sold .

Maturity value> maturity value > amount on the maturity date or at maturity notes .

Materiality > Materiality > Concept that recognizes the practice of neglect or by no means a small deviation from the accounting principles prevalent .

Matching > Matching > A principle of accounting whereby all revenues must be matched with the expenses incurred to earn income for a certain period .

Markup > Raising selling prices > A number is added to the amount of costs to determine the price of the product .

Market ( sales ) value method > Method of market value ( sales ) > method of allocating joint costs among the products in accordance with their relative sales value .

Marketable security > Securities > An investment in the securities that can be sold immediately if the cash is needed .

Margin of safety > Safety Margin > The difference between sales revenue and sales pade current period at the breakeven point ( break even point ) .

Marginal revenue > marginal income > The increase in total revenue realized from the sale of an additional unit of product .

Marginal Cost > Marginal Cost > An increase in the total cost of production and sale of an additional unit of product .

Margin Manufacturing > Manufacturing Margins > Sales minus cost of goods dijual.Kamus Accounting Glossary Section N

N

Natural business year > natural business year > A year that ended when the company's activities have reached the lowest point in its annual operating cycle .

Net income > Net income > last figure in the calculation of profit and loss if expenses exceed revenues .

Number of days sales in receivables > Number of days' sales in receivables > The relationship between credit sales and accounts receivable , which is computed by dividing net accounts receivable at the end of the year with average daily credit sales .

Number of days sales in inventory > Number of days' sales in inventory > The relationship between sales volume and inventory , which is calculated by dividing the merchandise inventory at the end of the year with the cost of goods sold on average per day .

Note receivable > Notes receivable > written promise to pay , which is the amount to be received by a company .

Note payable > Notes payable > written promise to pay , which is the amount owed by a company .

Noncontrollable cost > Costs that can not be controlled > To a certain management level , costs can not be controlled directly .

Nominal account > nominal Estimates > Estimates of income or expense that are periodically closed to the income summary estimates ; estimates while the owners of capital .

Net worth > Net worth > Capital owners in a company .

Net realizable value > net realizable value > The amount to be assessed for merchandise that can be sold only at prices below cost , which is determined by the selling price less any direct costs of disposal .

Net pay > Income net > gross income minus deductions from wages / salaries ; amounts due the employer to the employee .

Net loss > Net loss > last figure in the calculation of the income if the income is less than expenses .

O

Objectivity Concept > Concept objectivity > is a concept which requires that accounting records and reports are based on objective evidence .

Owner 's equity > Capital owner > The rights of owners in a company .

Overapplied factory overhead > Overhead factory charged too big > Total manufacturing overhead costs are charged more than the actual cost of factory overhead to production during the period .

Other income > Other income > income derived from sources that are not the main activity of the company.

Other expense > Others- > A load that can not be attributed with certainty to the company's operations .

Opportunity cost > Cost occasion > Total profit to be derived from the best alternative available for the proposed use of cash or its equivalent .

Operating lease > Operating Lease > Lease which does not meet the criteria as a capital lease , and thus should be treated as operating expenses , so that in the future lease obligations as well as rights of use dilease assets are not recognized in the estimates .

Over Applied Factory Overhead > the amount of factory overhead applied in excess of the actual factory overhead costs incurred for production during a period .

Outstanding Stock > the stock that is in the hands of stockholders .

Other Income > revenue from sources other than the primary operating activity of a business .

Other Expense > an expense that can not be traced directly to operations .

Opportunity Cost > the amount of income forgone from an alternative use of cash or its equivalent .

Operating Leverage > a measure of the relative mix of a business 's variable costs and fixed costs , computed as contribution margin divided by operating income .

P

Paid -in capital > Share Capital > Capital obtained from the shareholders .

Par > Pari ( nominal ) > The number listed on the stock certificate .

Parent company > parent Company > A company which has a majority of the shares having voting rights of another company .

Purchases returns and allowances > Returns and reduction in the purchase > Reduction in purchasing , arising from the merchandise is returned to the supplier for the original purchase price ; an approximate counter for purchase.

Purchases journal > Journal of purchase > Journal to record all credit purchases .

Purchases discount > Pieces purchase > One piece that was taken by the buyer for early payment of invoices ; an approximate counter to purchase .

Purchase requisition > Request for purchase > A document used to notify the department that the purchase of certain items required by the company .

Purchase orders > Purchase order > Documents issued by the purchasing department to the supplier , who asked for the delivery of certain goods .

Purchase method > Method of purchase > accounting method used if the parent company took control over the voting rights of other subsidiaries in exchange for common stock are not entitled to vote.

Public Accounting > Public Finance > A profession whose members provide accounting services on the basis of honorarium ( fee ) .

Promissory note> promissory note ( note ) > A written promise to pay a certain amount of money on demand or on a specific date .

Profit - volume chart > Chart profit - volume > A chart that is used to assist management in understanding the relationship between profit and volume .

Profit margins > margin > A component of the return on investment , which is calculated as the ratio of operating profit to sales .

Profit center > profit center > A decentralized units where the manager has the responsibility and authority to make decisions that affect the cost and revenue ( and thus profit ) .

Profitability > Profitability > The ability of a company to generate profit .

Product Life Cycle > Cycle life of the product > A concept which assumes that a product passes through various stages from when it was introduced to disappear from the market .

Product Cost > Cost products > All three components of manufacturing costs : direct materials costs , direct labor , and manufacturing overhead .

Q

Quick ratio > fast ratio > Financial ratios that measure the ability to meet short-term obligations in the near future .

Quick assets > fast Assets > Total cash, accounts receivable , and marketable securities .

R

Rate earned on common stockholders ' equity > rate of return on common stockholders' equity > profitablilitas A measure calculated by dividing net income , after deducting dividends on preferred stock , the holders of common stock of capital .

Revenue recognition concept > The concept of revenue recognition > The principle of revenue recognition at the time the income is received .

Reversing entry > reversing entries > A reversing journal entry adjusting entry for ease of recording certain routine transactions in the next period .

Revenues > Revenue > gross increase in owner's equity as a result of professional and business activities intended for profit .

Revenue expenditure > Spending income > An expenditure that only provides benefits in the current period .

Retained earnings statement > Statement of retained earnings > A report that summarizes the changes in the company's corporate retained earnings over a certain period .

Retained earnings > Earnings retained > earnings retained in the company .

Retail inventory method > retail inventory method > A method of determining the cost of inventory is based on the relationship and the cost of the retail price of the merchandise .

Responsibility accounting > Accounting accountability > Process measurement and reporting operating data by areas of responsibility .

Residual value> Value residue ( remainder ) > Estimated cost recoverable amount of an asset that can be depreciated when discontinued from use .

Residual income > Profit residue > Advantages of division operating income over the amount of " minimum " operating profit desired .

Report form of balance sheet > Balance Sheet report form > form where the group balance sheet liabilities and owner's equity is presented under the accounts .

Relevant range > Relevant Range > Range of activities in which the company planned to operate .

Receiving report > Receive reports > A document ( form ) that is used by the admissions department showing that the goods have been received and checked .

Realization > Actual > Sales liquidated assets in terms of fellowship .

Real account > Estimates estate / real > estimates that existed at the balance sheet .

Rate of return on investment ( ROI ) > Rate of return on investment > A measure of managerial efficiency in the use of investment in assets .

Rate earned on total assets > The rate of profit on total assets > A measure of the profitability of assets regardless of how the rights of creditors and how the rights of shareholders in the assets .

Rate earned on stockholders ' equity > Rate the return on shareholders' equity > A measure of profitability is computed by dividing net income by total shareholder equity .

S

Sales budget > Budget Sales > One of the important elements of the income statement indicating the estimated amount of sales and the expected selling price .

Sunk cost > Cost embedded > Costs that are not affected by subsequent decisions .

Sum of the years digits depreciation method > Method in the shrinking amount of numbers > depreciation method , where the amount of periodic depreciation expense over the estimated life of the decline over the related assets .

Subsidiary ledger > Additional Books > A ledger containing the individual estimates with certain traits .

Subsidiary company > Company children > Company which is controlled by the parent company .

Strategic planning > Strategic Planning > Development of a long-term course of action to achieve company goals .

Straight - line depreciation method > straight-line depreciation method > A depreciation method in which the same amount of periodic depreciation expense over the expected life of the related assets .

Stock split > Troubleshooting stock > Decrease in nominal value or the value set of a sheet of common stock and the issuance of new shares amount proportional to the reduction in nominal value of the shares

Stock outstanding > Shares Outstanding > Stocks that are in the hands of shareholders .

Stockholders ' equity > capital / stockholders' equity > Rights of shareholders for a company .

Stockhoders > Shareholders > The owner of a company .

Stock dividend > Dividend stocks > Distribution of the company's own shares to its shareholders .

Statement of owner 's equity > owner's equity reports > Summary of changes in owners' equity of a business entity that occurred during the specified time period .

Statement of cost of goods manufactured > report the cost of production > A separate report for manufacturing companies that reported the cost of goods manufactured during a certain period .

Statement of cash flows > Cash flow statement > A summary of receipts and disbursements are great for a period .

Stated value> Set Value > An amount determined by the board of commissioners for each share without par value .

Standard cost > Standard Cost > Estimated cost of the amount of product detail .

Special journal > Special Journals > Journal are designed for recording specific types of transactions .

Solvency > Ability / solvency > The company's ability to pay debts as they mature .

Sole proprietorship > Individual Company > Company which is owned by one person only .

Slides > Slip > Fallacy move the numbers a number , one or more to the right or to the left . For example , $ 542 written $ 5,420 .

Sinking fund > assets set aside in a special fund to be used for specific purposes .

Single - step income statement > Calculation of the income which the total expense deducted from total income .

Service department > Department does not process the plant material directly but provide services for the benefit of the production department .

Semivariable cost > A cost to the characteristics and variables to remain , which is sometimes called mixed costs or semi- fixed costs .

Selling expense > A expenses incurred directly and solely due to the sale of merchandise .

Sales mix >Distribution relative sales among the various types of products available for sale .

Sales Journal > Journal where noted all credit sales .

Sales discounts > Pieces are available provided by the seller because the repayment is an invoice . An estimate for the sales counter .

 T

T - account > A form that resembles the letter T. estimate

Taxable income > Basic income taxation .

Two- column journal > General journal for various purposes .

Trail balance > An overview of the list and the title of the estimated balance .

Treasury stock >Shares outstanding companies who have redeemed themselves ( purchased ) back .

Total cost concept > A concept used in applying the full cost approach to pricing products in which all manufacturing costs plus product sales and administrative expense and included in cost of administration , including the amount to be added to the markup .

Time tickets > A form which recorded the number of hours used by each employee and labor costs incurred for each job , or for factory overhead .

Temporary investment > Investments in marketable securities that can be sold immediately , if needed cash .

Temporary differences > The difference between income before income tax and taxable income derived from items that are recognized in the period for purposes of calculating the income statement in the period and another for tax purposes . The difference in contrast or back again in the coming years .

Temporary account > An estimate of income or expense that are periodically closed to the income summary estimates ; a nominal estimate .

U

Uncollectible accounts expense > operating expenses occurred due to failure to collect receivables .

Underapplied factory overhead >  Total manufacturing overhead exceeds actual manufacturing overhead costs charged to production during a certain period .

Unrealized holding gains or losses >  The difference between the fair market value of the securities to its cost .

Unit - of- production depreciation method > One method , which is based on the depreciation of the expected productive capacity of the related assets .

Unearned revenue > Revenue received in advance or precede the earnings period .

 V

Variable cost concept > A concept used in applying the cost - plus approach to pricing and the cost of production in which only the variable expenses that are included in the total cost will be added to the mark- up .

Voucher System > Note , methods , and procedures used in proving liability and recorded as well as pay and record cash payment of the obligation .

Voucher registers > Journal to record all vouchers .

Vouchers > A document that serves as proof of authorization of payment of cash .

Vertical analysis > Analysis of the percentage of the component parts concerned with the total parts in a financial statement .

Variances from standard > The difference between the cost of standard and actual costs .

Variable costing >  A concept that takes into account the cost of products manufactured so that only consists of manufacturing costs which rise or fall in accordance with the increase or decrease in volume of production ( direct materials , direct labor , and variable manufacturing overhead ) . Excess of total current assets over total current liabilities at a given moment

W

Work in process inventory > Cost of direct materials , direct labor , and factory overhead costs that have been entered into the manufacturing process , but are associated with an unfinished product .

Work sheet > work sheet > A worksheet to help the preparation of the financial statements .

Wages Expense > Pemeriksaan dokumen dasar

Wages Rate > Biaya upah

Wages And Taxes Statement > Laporan upah dan pajak

Working Paper For Consolidated Balance Sheet > Neraca lajur untuk neraca konsolidasi

Weighted Average > Metode rata-rata terimbang

Weighted Average Method > Metode rata-rata terimbang

Working sheet > Neraca Lajur

Working Paper > Kertas kerja

Write Off > Dihapuskan

Writke Off Method > Metode penghapusan

 Y

Yield > size efficiency of material usage ; yield measures the ratio of the amount of material output to total inputs . Yield of less than 1.0 means there is loss of material in a process .

Yield Variance > Deviation results occurred for the use of raw materials with raw material usage plan .

Year- to-date net income > A company earned a net profit from the beginning of the year running up to the specified date . For example , net income on the date of January 31, 2012 for calendar year companies is net income from January 1, 2012 until December 31, 2012 .

Yield to maturity > the total return on investment of the company's bonds to the maturity date . For example , if the bonds or securities purchased is less than the maturity value , then the calculation of the yield to maturity is the annual interest plus profit as an increase of the total investment bonds with maturity value .

 Z

Zero - base budgeting >. A budgeting concept , where all levels of management required to start from zero and estimating budget data as if there had never been any activity in their unit .

Zero coupon bonds > Bonds set without interest , because the interest is paid , the bonds will be discounted at the time of sale of the maturity value . Instead of receiving interest , investor compensation will be the difference between the discounted price at which the bond was purchased and the price investors receive when selling bonds . If the investor holds the bond to maturity , investors will receive the difference between the discounted fee and the maturity value .